Abu Abdullah Muhammad bin Musa Al-Khwarazm
A Persian Muslim mathematician and astronomer, nicknamed Al-Khwarizmi and Abu Jaafar. It was said that (after 847 AD) he is considered one of the first Muslim mathematicians, as his works contributed a major role to the advancement of mathematics in his time. He contacted the Abbasid Caliph Al-Ma’mun and worked in the House of Wisdom in Baghdad and gained the trust of the Caliph when Al-Ma’mun appointed him to the House of Wisdom also entrusted him with drawing a map of the earth on which more than 70 geographers worked.
His life
According to some accounts, his family moved from the Persian city of Khiva in the Islamic province of Khorasan (which is called “Khiwa” in the present era, in the Republic of Uzbekistan) to Baghdad in Iraq. Al-Khwarizmi completed most of his research between the years 813 and 833 at Dar al-Hikmah, which was founded by Caliph al-Ma’mun. Al-Ma'mun appointed him to head his bookstore, and entrusted him with collecting Greek books and translating them. Al-Khwarizmi benefited from the books that were available in Al-Ma'mun's library and studied mathematics, geography, astronomy, and history, in addition to acquainting himself with Greek and Indian knowledge. He published all his works in Arabic, which was the language of science in that era. Al-Tabari calls him in his history: Muhammad bin Musa Al-Khwarizmi Al-Qutrubulli, after the village of Qutrubul on the outskirts of Baghdad. Al-Khwarizmi began his book (Al-Jabr wal-Muqabala) with the basmalah (In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful). Scientific encyclopedias - such as the British Encyclopedia (student edition), Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia, Columbia University Encyclopedia, and others agree that he is an Arab, while other references indicate that he is of Persian origin. Without specifying his nationality.
In Ibn al-Nadim's book Al-Fihr, we find a short biography of Al-Khwarizmi, along with a list of the books he wrote. Al-Khwarizmi completed most of his work in the period between 813 and 833. After the Islamic conquest of Persia, Baghdad became the center of scientific and commercial studies, and many merchants and scholars came there from as far away as China and India, as Al-Khwarizmi did. He worked in Baghdad as a researcher at the House of Wisdom established by Caliph al-Ma'mun, where he studied science and mathematics,
which included translating scientific Greek and Sanskrit manuscripts.
His contributions
:
Al-Khwarizmi contributed to mathematics, geography, astronomy, and cartography, and laid the foundation for innovation in algebra and trigonometry. He has a systematic method for solving linear and quadratic equations that led to algebra, a word derived from the title of his book on this subject, (The Compendium on the Calculation of Algebra and Muqabalah).
The Book of Addition and Separation in India Account in 825 AD, where he was primarily responsible for spreading the Indian numbering system throughout the Middle East and Europe.
The word (algorithm) was translated into Latin as Algoritmi de numero Indorum. From his surname Al-Khwarizmi, where the Latin word Algoritmi comes from, which led to the spread of the term “algorithm.”
Al-Khwarizmi organized and corrected Ptolemy's data on Africa and the Middle East. One of his main books is “The Image of the Earth,” in which he presents the coordinates of places based on Ptolemy’s geography but with improved values for the Mediterranean, Asia, and Africa. He also wrote about astronomical devices such as the astrolabe and the sundial.
He helped in a project to determine the circumference of the Earth, and in making a map of the world during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Ma’mun, as he was requested to do so, and he supervised 70 geographers.[7] In the twelfth century his works spread throughout Europe, through Latin translations, which had a major influence on the progress of mathematics in Europe.
mathematics :
Al-Khwarizmi's second achievement was in arithmetic. A Latin translation of it now exists, but the original Arabic version has been lost. The translation was most likely made in the 12th century by Adelard of Bathé, who also translated the astronomical tables in 1126.
astronomy :
Al-Khwarizmi's second achievement was in arithmetic. A Latin translation of it now exists, but the original Arabic version has been lost. The translation was most likely made in the 12th century by Adelard of Bathé, who also translated the astronomical tables in 1126.
His death
:
Muhammad Musa Al-Khwarizmi died after 232 AH, i.e. (after 847 AD), and it was said that he died in the year 232 AH. He is considered one of the first Muslim mathematicians
.
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